The Normalized Burn Ratio Index (NBR) uses the NIR and SWIR bands to emphasize burned areas while mitigating illumination and atmospheric effects. NBR = (NIR - SWIR) / (NIR+ SWIR)

The Normalized Difference Pond Index algorithm was developed by J.P Lacaux et al. (2006).The NDPI makes it possible not only to distinguish small ponds and water bodies (down to 0.01 ha) but also to differentiate vegetation inside ponds from that in their surroundings The NDPI results from the following equation: NDPI = (mir_factor * middle_IR - green_factor * green) / (mir_factor * middle_IR + green_factor * green)

The Normalised Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI) quantifies the difference in reflectance between specific spectral bands which correlates with suspended sediment and turbidity levels.

Colour Index: The Colour Index algorithm was developed to differentiate soils in the field. Low valued CIs have been shown to be correlated with the presence of a high concentration of carbonates or sulfates and higher values to be correlated with crusted soils and sands in arid regions (Escadfal 1989). In most cases the CI gives complementary information with the BI and the NDVI. Used for diachronic analyses they help for a better understanding of the evolution of soil surfaces. The CI results from the following equation: CI = (red_factor * red - green_factor * green) / (red_factor * red + green_factor * green)

Inverted Red-Edge Chlorophyll Index: The Inverted Red-Edge Chlorophyll Index algorithm incorporates the reflectance in four bands to estimate canopy chlorophyll content (Guyot and Baret 1988 Clevers et al. 2000). The 'red edge' is the name given to the abrupt reflectance change in the 680-740 nm region of vegetation spectra that is caused by the combined effects of strong chlorophyll absorption and leaf internal scattering. Increases in the amount of chlorophyll visible to the sensor either through an increase in leaf chlorophyll content or Leaf Area Index (LAI) result in a broadening of a major chlorophyll absorption feature centred around 680 nm. The effect is to cause a movement of the point of maximum slope termed the red edge position (REP). The position of the red edge has been used as an indicator of stress and senescence of vegetation (Collins1978 Horler et al. 1983 Rock et al. 1988 Boochs et al. 1990 Jago and Curran 1995). The IRECI results from the following (Sensor-dependent) equation: IRECI = (IR_factor * near_IR - red1_factor * red1) / (red2_factor * red2 / red3_factor * red3). For Sentinel-2 the formula is: (B7 - B4) / (B5 / B6) where (Central wavelength/Bandwidth): B7 = 783 nm (15 nm) B6 = 740 nm (15 nm) B5 = 705 nm (15 nm) B4 = 665 nm (30 nm)

The Transformed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index algorithm indicates a relation between the amount of green biomass that is found in a pixel. (Senseman et.al. 1996). Transformed Normalised Difference Vegetation index (TNDVI) is the square root of the NDVI. It has higher coefficient of determination for the same variable and this is the difference between TNDVI and NDVI. The formula of TNDVI has always positive values and the variances of the ratio are proportional to mean values. The TNDVI results from the following equation: TNDVI = sqrt( (IR_factor * near_IR - red_factor * red) / (IR_factor * near_IR + red_factor * red) + 0.5)

The Normalized Difference Water Index algorithm was developed by Gao (19964) being a measure of liquid water molecules in vegetation canopies that interacted with the incoming solar radiation. NDWI is sensitive to changes in liquid water content of vegetation canopies. It is less sensitive to atmospheric effects than NDVI. NDWI does not remove completely the background soil reflectance effects therefore it should be considered as an independent vegetation index. It is complementary to not a substitute for NDVI. The NDWI results from the following equation: NDWI = (IR_factor * near_IR - mir_factor * middle_IR) / (IR_factor * near_IR + mir_factor * middle_IR)

The Pigment Specific Simple Ratio (chlorophyll index) algorithm was developed by Blackburn (1998). It investigates the potential of a range of spectral approaches for quantifying pigments at the scale of the whole plant canopy. When applying existing narrow-band pigment indices the PSSR algorithms have the strongest and most linear relationships with canopy concentration per unit area of Chl a (Chlorophyll a) Chl b (Chlorophyll b) and Cars (carotenoids). The PSSRa results from the following equation: PSSRa = (IR_factor * near_IR) / (red_factor * red)

The Red-Edge Inflection Point Index algorithm was developed for applications in biomass and nitrogen (N) uptake measurement/management in heterogeneous fields.- Guyot et al. (1988). Red edge as the inflection point of the strong red absorption to near infrared reflectance includes the information of both crop N and growth status. The reflectance around red edge is sensitive to wide range of crop chlorophyll content N content LAI and biomass (Hatfield et al. 2008 Mutanga and Skidmore 2007 Steele et al. 2008b). The REIP general formula is based on linear four-point interpolation technique and it uses four wavebands (670 700 740 and 780 nm) - Guyot and Baret (1988). The REIP results from the following (Sensor-dependent) equation: REIP = 700 + 40 * ((r670 + r780)/2 - r700) / (r740 - r700) - as general formula or: REIP = 700 + 40 * ( (red1_factor * red1 + IR_factor * near_IR)/2) - red2_factor * red2 ) / (red3_factor * red3 - red2_factor * red2) )

The Weighted Difference Vegetation Index algorithm was introduced by Clevers (1988). This has a relationship to PVI similar to the relationship IPVI has to NDVI. WDVI is a mathematically simpler version of PVI but it has an unrestricted range.Like PVI WDVI is very sensitive to atmospheric variations (Qi et al. 1994). The WDVI results from the following equation: WDVI = (IR_factor * near_IR - g * red_factor * red) where: g is the slope of the soil line.