Brightness Index: This index is representing the average of the brightness of a satellite image. The Brightness Index algorithm is representing the average of the brightness of a satellite image. The result looks like a panchromatic image with the same resolution of the original image.This index is therefore sensitive to the brightness of soils which is highly correlated with the humidity and the presence of salts in surface (Escadafal 1989). The BI results from the following equation: BI = sqrt( ( (red_factor * red * red_factor * red) + (green_factor * green * green_factor * green) ) / 2 )

The Normalized Burn Ratio Index (NBR) uses the NIR and SWIR bands to emphasize burned areas while mitigating illumination and atmospheric effects. NBR = (NIR - SWIR) / (NIR+ SWIR)

The Normalized Difference Water Index algorithm was developed by Gao (19964) being a measure of liquid water molecules in vegetation canopies that interacted with the incoming solar radiation. NDWI is sensitive to changes in liquid water content of vegetation canopies. It is less sensitive to atmospheric effects than NDVI. NDWI does not remove completely the background soil reflectance effects therefore it should be considered as an independent vegetation index. It is complementary to not a substitute for NDVI. The NDWI results from the following equation: NDWI = (IR_factor * near_IR - mir_factor * middle_IR) / (IR_factor * near_IR + mir_factor * middle_IR)

The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR sometimes also noted fAPAR or fPAR) is the fraction of the incoming solar radiation in the photosynthetically active radiation spectral region that is absorbed by a photosynthetic organism typically describing the light absorption across an integrated plant canopy. This biophysical variable is directly related to the primary productivity of photosynthesis and some models use it to estimate the assimilation of carbon dioxide in vegetation in conjunction with the leaf area index. FAPAR can also be used as an indicator of the state and evolution of the vegetation cover with this function it advantageously replaces the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provided it is itself properly estimated.

Cover fraction: FVC is used to separate vegetation and soil in energy balance processes including temperature and evapotranspiration. It is computed from the leaf area index and other canopy structural variables and does not depend on variables such as the geometry of illumination as compared to FAPAR

The Normalized Difference Water Index algorithm was developed by Gao (19964) being a measure of liquid water molecules in vegetation canopies that interacted with the incoming solar radiation. NDWI is sensitive to changes in liquid water content of vegetation canopies. It is less sensitive to atmospheric effects than NDVI. NDWI does not remove completely the background soil reflectance effects therefore it should be considered as an independent vegetation index. It is complementary to not a substitute for NDVI. The NDWI results from the following equation: NDWI = (IR_factor * near_IR - mir_factor * middle_IR) / (IR_factor * near_IR + mir_factor * middle_IR)

The Normalised Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI) quantifies the difference in reflectance between specific spectral bands which correlates with suspended sediment and turbidity levels.

The Redness Index algorithm was developed to identify soil colour variations - Pouget et al.(1990). The RI results from the following equation: RI = (red_factor * red * red_factor * red) / (green_factor * green * green_factor * green * green_factor * green)